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The child has a fever if his rectal temperature (in the rectum) is 38.0°C (100.4°F) or higher.

Many children develop fever and a rash (pimples or red patches, or both) at the same time. This could be a sign of a contagious infection. Most of these infections are caused by viruses and last a few days. They go away by themselves and have no long-term effects.

Colds and flu are caused by viruses. Children under 2 can catch up to 10 or so colds per year. If they do catch the flu, it generally will be only once a year.

There are various reasons why a child may have a stuffed‑up or runny nose: crying, environmental factors (e.g., heat, humidity, dust, animal hair, tobacco smoke), or colds or other infections.

Coughing is a defence mechanism. It’s the body’s way of getting rid of mucus. For example, children may cough when they have a respiratory infection such as a cold or flu.

If your child has a sore throat, she may eat and drink less. She may drool more or have a hoarse voice. So long as she is able to breathe easily, it’s not serious.

Ear infections do not always require medical treatment. However, if your child is unwell or irritable, there are medications that may help.

When children have diarrhea, their stools change from what is normal for them: Bowel movements are more frequent and more liquid than usual. Most diarrhea is caused by germs, like viruses.

Injuries are a leading cause of doctor’s visits and death among children. It is essential to be vigilant and never underestimate the natural curiosity that constantly drives children to explore their environment. You can reduce the risk of injury by following basic safety principles and taking a few precautions

An appropriate car seat, when used properly, can reduce the risk of death and injury by 70% in the event of a collision.