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Functioning and disability

Information sheet 16 - World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule (WHODAS 2.0)

Name of the instrument	World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule
Abbreviation	WHODAS 2.0
Number of items	12
Terms of use	Public domain. While the instrument is in the public domain and free of charge, an online registration form must be completed before it is used: http://www.who.int/classifications/icf/whodasii/en/.
Language	English, French and several other languages
Data collection method	Self-report questionnaire, by proxy or by interview, in hard copy, in person or by telephone.
Target population	Adults
Interpretation of the results and thresholds	A five-point scale measures 12 items. There are two methods to calculate the scores. The shortest, simplest method consists in adding up the scores attributed to each item. The total score of this method ranges from 12 to 60. The second method, which is more complex, is an item-response-theory, which allows for the weighting of the items. The algorithm is available on the WHO website. In the article by Sjonnesen et al. (2016), which uses the CCHS 2012 data, it is the simple method that has been preferred. The population-based standards are also available on the WHO website.
Is the questionnaire available in the toolkit?	Yes, see Questionnaire 14.
Other versions	The long version comprises 36 items and the short version, 12 items. Three additional questions measure the extent of the burden of dysfunction.
References	Sjonnesen, K., Bulloch, A. G., Williams, J., Lavorato, D. and B. Patten, S. (2016). Characterization of disability in Canadians with mental disorders using an abbreviated version of a DSM-5 emerging measure: The 12-Item WHO Disability Assessment Schedule (WHODAS) 2.0. Canadian Journal of Psychiatry, 61(4), 227-235. Üstün, T. B., Kostanjsek, N., Chatterji, S. and Rehm, J. (2010). Measuring health and disability: Manual for WHO Disability Assessment Schedule WHODAS 2.0. World Health Organization. Consulted at http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/43974/9789241547598_eng.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y

Informationsheet 17 - Social functioning questionnaire (SFQ)

Name of the instrument	Social functioning questionnaire
Abbreviation	SFQ
Number of items	16
Terms of use	Public domain. The source must be mentioned (Zanello et al., 2006).
Language	French, English and Spanish
Data collection method	Self-report questionnaire, in hard copy, in person or by telephone.
Target population	Adults
Interpretation of the results and thresholds	The 16 items of this instrument are ranked on a five-level scale. The eight frequency items (indicator F) are ranked from 1 to 5 (score range 8-40). The eight satisfaction items (indicator S) are ranked from 1 to 5 (score range 8-40). The maximum total score is 25. While doing so is hardly recommended, it is possible to create a global indicator G that represents the sum of the indicators F and S (score range 16-80). The higher the score, the better the social functioning.
Is the questionnaire available in the toolkit?	Yes, see Questionnaire 15.
References	Zanello, A., Rouget, B. W., Gex-Fabry, M., Maercker, A. and Guimon, J. (2006). Validation du Questionnaire de fonctionnement social (QFS), un autoquestionnaire mesurant la fréquence et la satisfaction des comportements sociaux d’une population adulte psychiatrique. L’Encéphale: Revue de psychiatrie clinique biologique et thérapeutique, 32(1), 45-59.