Preterm birth in the Inuit and First Nations populations of Québec, Canada, 1981-2008

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate preterm birth (PTB) for Inuit and First Nations vs. non-Indigenous populations in the province of Québec, Canada. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study. METHODS: We evaluated singleton live births for Québec residents, 1981-2008 (n = 2,310,466). Municipality of residence (Inuit-inhabited, First Nations-inhabited, rest of Québec) and language (Inuit, First Nations, French/English) were used to identify Inuit and First Nations births. The outcome was PTB (